Int256 Bit Class<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jun-11,2021: Obsolete Use xIntX Instead.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
using System;\nusing System.ComponentModel;\nusing System.Diagnostics;\nusing System.Globalization;\nusing System.Runtime.InteropServices;\nusing System.Text;\n\n[Serializable]\n[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]\n[TypeConverter(typeof(Int256Converter))]\n[DebuggerDisplay(\"{DDisplay}\")]\npublic struct Int256 : IComparable<Int256>, IComparable, IEquatable<Int256>, IConvertible, IFormattable\n{\n public ulong Bytes24To32;\n public ulong Bytes16To24;\n public ulong Bytes8To16;\n public ulong Bytes0To8;\n private const ulong HiNeg = 0x8000000000000000;\n\n [DebuggerBrowsable(DebuggerBrowsableState.Never)]\n private string DDisplay => ToString();\n\n public static Int256 Zero = new Int256(0);\n public static Int256 Ten = new Int256(10);\n public static Int256 One = new Int256(1);\n public static Int256 MaxValue = GetMaxValue();\n public static Int256 MinValue = GetMinValue();\n\n private static Int256 GetMaxValue()\n {\n return new Int256(long.MaxValue, ulong.MaxValue, ulong.MaxValue, ulong.MaxValue);\n }\n\n private static Int256 GetMinValue()\n {\n return -GetMaxValue();\n }\n public Int256(string value)\n {\n TryParse(value, out var result);\n Bytes24To32 = result.Bytes24To32;\n Bytes16To24 = result.Bytes16To24;\n Bytes8To16 = result.Bytes8To16;\n Bytes0To8 = result.Bytes0To8;\n }\n public Int256(byte value)\n {\n Bytes24To32 = 0;\n Bytes16To24 = 0;\n Bytes8To16 = 0;\n Bytes0To8 = value;\n }\n\n public Int256(bool value)\n {\n Bytes24To32 = 0;\n Bytes16To24 = 0;\n Bytes8To16 = 0;\n Bytes0To8 = (ulong) (value ? 1 : 0);\n }\n\n public Int256(char value)\n {\n Bytes24To32 = 0;\n Bytes16To24 = 0;\n Bytes8To16 = 0;\n Bytes0To8 = value;\n }\n\n public Int256(decimal value)\n {\n if (value < 0)\n {\n var n = -new Int256(-value);\n Bytes24To32 = n.Bytes24To32;\n Bytes16To24 = n.Bytes16To24;\n Bytes8To16 = n.Bytes8To16;\n Bytes0To8 = n.Bytes0To8;\n return;\n }\n\n var bits = decimal.GetBits(value);\n Bytes24To32 = 0;\n Bytes16To24 = (uint) bits[2];\n Bytes8To16 = (uint) bits[1];\n Bytes0To8 = (uint) bits[0];\n if (value < 0)\n {\n Bytes24To32 = ~Bytes24To32;\n Bytes16To24 = ~Bytes16To24;\n Bytes8To16 = ~Bytes8To16;\n Bytes0To8 = ~Bytes0To8;\n }\n }\n\n public Int256(double value)\n : this((decimal) value)\n {\n }\n\n public Int256(float value)\n : this((decimal) value)\n {\n }\n\n public Int256(short value)\n {\n if (value < 0)\n {\n var n = -new Int256(-(value + 1)) - 1;\n Bytes24To32 = n.Bytes24To32;\n Bytes16To24 = n.Bytes16To24;\n Bytes8To16 = n.Bytes8To16;\n Bytes0To8 = n.Bytes0To8;\n return;\n }\n\n Bytes24To32 = 0;\n Bytes16To24 = 0;\n Bytes8To16 = 0;\n Bytes0To8 = (ulong) value;\n }\n\n public Int256(int value)\n {\n if (value < 0)\n {\n var n = -new Int256(-(value + 1)) - 1;\n Bytes24To32 = n.Bytes24To32;\n Bytes16To24 = n.Bytes16To24;\n Bytes8To16 = n.Bytes8To16;\n Bytes0To8 = n.Bytes0To8;\n return;\n }\n\n Bytes24To32 = 0;\n Bytes16To24 = 0;\n Bytes8To16 = 0;\n Bytes0To8 = (ulong) value;\n }\n\n public Int256(long value)\n {\n if (value < 0)\n {\n var n = -new Int256(-(value + 1)) - 1;\n Bytes24To32 = n.Bytes24To32;\n Bytes16To24 = n.Bytes16To24;\n Bytes8To16 = n.Bytes8To16;\n Bytes0To8 = n.Bytes0To8;\n return;\n }\n\n Bytes24To32 = 0;\n Bytes16To24 = 0;\n Bytes8To16 = 0;\n Bytes0To8 = (ulong) value;\n }\n\n public Int256(sbyte value)\n {\n if (value < 0)\n {\n var n = -new Int256(-(value + 1)) - 1;\n Bytes24To32 = n.Bytes24To32;\n Bytes16To24 = n.Bytes16To24;\n Bytes8To16 = n.Bytes8To16;\n Bytes0To8 = n.Bytes0To8;\n return;\n }\n\n Bytes24To32 = 0;\n Bytes16To24 = 0;\n Bytes8To16 = 0;\n Bytes0To8 = (ulong) value;\n }\n\n public Int256(ushort value)\n {\n Bytes24To32 = 0;\n Bytes16To24 = 0;\n Bytes8To16 = 0;\n Bytes0To8 = value;\n }\n\n public Int256(uint value)\n {\n Bytes24To32 = 0;\n Bytes16To24 = 0;\n Bytes8To16 = 0;\n Bytes0To8 = value;\n }\n\n public Int256(ulong value)\n {\n Bytes24To32 = 0;\n Bytes16To24 = 0;\n Bytes8To16 = 0;\n Bytes0To8 = value;\n }\n\n public Int256(Guid value)\n : this(value.ToByteArray())\n {\n }\n\n public Int256(byte[] value)\n {\n if (value == null)\n throw new Exception(\"Value cannot be null.\");\n if (value.Length != 32)\n throw new Exception(\"Values length must be 32 bytes.\");\n Bytes24To32 = BitConverter.ToUInt64(value, 24);\n Bytes16To24 = BitConverter.ToUInt64(value, 16);\n Bytes8To16 = BitConverter.ToUInt64(value, 8);\n Bytes0To8 = BitConverter.ToUInt64(value, 0);\n }\n\n public Int256(ulong msbh, ulong msbl, ulong lsbh, ulong lsbl)\n {\n Bytes24To32 = msbh;\n Bytes16To24 = msbl;\n Bytes8To16 = lsbh;\n Bytes0To8 = lsbl;\n }\n\n public Int256(int sign, uint[] array)\n {\n if (array == null)\n throw new Exception(\"Array cannot be null.\");\n var msbh = new byte[8];\n var msbl = new byte[8];\n var lsbh = new byte[8];\n var lsbl = new byte[8];\n if (array.Length > 0)\n {\n Array.Copy(BitConverter.GetBytes(array[0]), 0, lsbl, 0, 4);\n if (array.Length > 1)\n {\n Array.Copy(BitConverter.GetBytes(array[1]), 0, lsbl, 4, 4);\n if (array.Length > 2)\n {\n Array.Copy(BitConverter.GetBytes(array[2]), 0, lsbh, 0, 4);\n if (array.Length > 3)\n {\n Array.Copy(BitConverter.GetBytes(array[3]), 0, lsbh, 4, 4);\n if (array.Length > 4)\n {\n Array.Copy(BitConverter.GetBytes(array[4]), 0, msbl, 0, 4);\n if (array.Length > 5)\n {\n Array.Copy(BitConverter.GetBytes(array[5]), 0, msbl, 4, 4);\n if (array.Length > 6)\n {\n Array.Copy(BitConverter.GetBytes(array[6]), 0, msbh, 0, 4);\n if (array.Length > 7)\n Array.Copy(BitConverter.GetBytes(array[7]), 0, msbh, 4, 4);\n }\n }\n }\n }\n }\n }\n }\n\n Bytes24To32 = BitConverter.ToUInt64(msbh, 0);\n Bytes16To24 = BitConverter.ToUInt64(msbl, 0);\n Bytes8To16 = BitConverter.ToUInt64(lsbh, 0);\n Bytes0To8 = BitConverter.ToUInt64(lsbl, 0);\n if (sign < 0)\n Bytes24To32 |= HiNeg;\n else\n Bytes24To32 &= ~HiNeg;\n }\n\n public ulong MSBH => Bytes24To32;\n public ulong MSBL => Bytes16To24;\n public ulong LSBH => Bytes8To16;\n public ulong LSBL => Bytes0To8;\n\n public int BitWidth\n {\n get\n {\n Int256 bitWidth = 1;\n var v = this;\n while ((v >>= 1) > 0)\n bitWidth++;\n if (bitWidth < 8)\n bitWidth = 8;\n while (bitWidth % 8 != 0)\n bitWidth++;\n return (int) bitWidth;\n }\n }\n\n public int Sign\n {\n get\n {\n if (Bytes24To32 == 0 && Bytes16To24 == 0 && Bytes8To16 == 0 && Bytes0To8 == 0)\n return 0;\n return (Bytes24To32 & HiNeg) == 0 ? 1 : -1;\n }\n }\n\n public override int GetHashCode()\n {\n return MSBH.GetHashCode() ^ MSBL.GetHashCode() ^ LSBH.GetHashCode() ^ LSBL.GetHashCode();\n }\n\n public override bool Equals(object obj)\n {\n return base.Equals(obj);\n }\n\n public bool Equals(Int256 obj)\n {\n return Bytes24To32 == obj.Bytes24To32 && Bytes16To24 == obj.Bytes16To24 && Bytes8To16 == obj.Bytes8To16 &&\n Bytes0To8 == obj.Bytes0To8;\n }\n\n public override string ToString()\n {\n return ToString(null, null);\n }\n\n public string ToString(string format)\n {\n return ToString(format, null);\n }\n\n public string ToString(string format, IFormatProvider formatProvider)\n {\n if (formatProvider == null)\n formatProvider = CultureInfo.CurrentCulture;\n if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(format))\n {\n var ch = format[0];\n if (ch == 'x' || ch == 'X')\n {\n int.TryParse(format.Substring(1).Trim(), out var min);\n return ToHexString(ch == 'X', min);\n }\n\n if (ch != 'G' && ch != 'g' && ch != 'D' && ch != 'd')\n throw new NotSupportedException(\"Not supported format: \" + format);\n }\n\n return ToString((NumberFormatInfo) formatProvider.GetFormat(typeof(NumberFormatInfo)));\n }\n\n private string ToHexString(bool caps, int min)\n {\n var bytes = ToByteArray().Invert();\n var sb = new StringBuilder();\n var x = caps ? \"X\" : \"x\";\n foreach (var b in bytes)\n {\n var hex = b.ToString($\"{x}2\");\n sb.Append(hex);\n }\n\n return sb.ToString();\n }\n\n private string ToString(NumberFormatInfo info)\n {\n if (Sign == 0)\n return \"0\";\n var sb = new StringBuilder();\n var current = this;\n current.Bytes24To32 &= ~HiNeg;\n while (true)\n {\n current = DivRem(current, Ten, out var r);\n if (r.Bytes0To8 > 0 || current.Sign != 0 || sb.Length == 0)\n sb.Insert(0, (char) ('0' + r.Bytes0To8));\n if (current.Sign == 0)\n break;\n }\n\n var s = sb.ToString();\n if (Sign < 0 && s != \"0\")\n return info.NegativeSign + s;\n return s;\n }\n\n TypeCode IConvertible.GetTypeCode()\n {\n return TypeCode.Object;\n }\n\n bool IConvertible.ToBoolean(IFormatProvider provider)\n {\n return (bool) this;\n }\n\n byte IConvertible.ToByte(IFormatProvider provider)\n {\n return (byte) this;\n }\n\n char IConvertible.ToChar(IFormatProvider provider)\n {\n return (char) this;\n }\n\n DateTime IConvertible.ToDateTime(IFormatProvider provider)\n {\n throw new InvalidCastException();\n }\n\n decimal IConvertible.ToDecimal(IFormatProvider provider)\n {\n return (decimal) this;\n }\n\n double IConvertible.ToDouble(IFormatProvider provider)\n {\n return (double) this;\n }\n\n short IConvertible.ToInt16(IFormatProvider provider)\n {\n return (short) this;\n }\n\n int IConvertible.ToInt32(IFormatProvider provider)\n {\n return (int) this;\n }\n\n long IConvertible.ToInt64(IFormatProvider provider)\n {\n return (int) this;\n }\n\n sbyte IConvertible.ToSByte(IFormatProvider provider)\n {\n return (sbyte) this;\n }\n\n float IConvertible.ToSingle(IFormatProvider provider)\n {\n return (float) this;\n }\n\n string IConvertible.ToString(IFormatProvider provider)\n {\n return ToString(null, provider);\n }\n\n public bool TryConvert(Type conversionType, IFormatProvider provider, out object value)\n {\n if (conversionType == typeof(bool))\n {\n value = (bool) this;\n return true;\n }\n\n if (conversionType == typeof(byte))\n {\n value = (byte) this;\n return true;\n }\n\n if (conversionType == typeof(char))\n {\n value = (char) this;\n return true;\n }\n\n if (conversionType == typeof(decimal))\n {\n value = (decimal) this;\n return true;\n }\n\n if (conversionType == typeof(double))\n {\n value = (double) this;\n return true;\n }\n\n if (conversionType == typeof(short))\n {\n value = (short) this;\n return true;\n }\n\n if (conversionType == typeof(int))\n {\n value = (int) this;\n return true;\n }\n\n if (conversionType == typeof(long))\n {\n value = (long) this;\n return true;\n }\n\n if (conversionType == typeof(sbyte))\n {\n value = (sbyte) this;\n return true;\n }\n\n if (conversionType == typeof(float))\n {\n value = (float) this;\n return true;\n }\n\n if (conversionType == typeof(string))\n {\n value = ToString(null, provider);\n return true;\n }\n\n if (conversionType == typeof(ushort))\n {\n value = (ushort) this;\n return true;\n }\n\n if (conversionType == typeof(uint))\n {\n value = (uint) this;\n return true;\n }\n\n if (conversionType == typeof(ulong))\n {\n value = (ulong) this;\n return true;\n }\n\n if (conversionType == typeof(byte[]))\n {\n value = ToByteArray();\n return true;\n }\n\n if (conversionType == typeof(Guid))\n {\n value = new Guid(ToByteArray());\n return true;\n }\n\n value = null;\n return false;\n }\n\n public static Int256 Parse(string value)\n {\n return Parse(value, NumberStyles.Integer, NumberFormatInfo.CurrentInfo);\n }\n\n public static Int256 Parse(string value, NumberStyles style)\n {\n return Parse(value, style, NumberFormatInfo.CurrentInfo);\n }\n\n public static Int256 Parse(string value, IFormatProvider provider)\n {\n return Parse(value, NumberStyles.Integer, NumberFormatInfo.GetInstance(provider));\n }\n\n public static Int256 Parse(string value, NumberStyles style, IFormatProvider provider)\n {\n if (!TryParse(value, style, provider, out var result))\n throw new Exception($\"TryParse value {value} failure.\");\n return result;\n }\n\n public static bool TryParse(string value, out Int256 result)\n {\n return TryParse(value, NumberStyles.Integer, NumberFormatInfo.CurrentInfo, out result);\n }\n\n public static bool TryParse(string value, NumberStyles style, IFormatProvider provider, out Int256 result)\n {\n result = Zero;\n if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(value))\n return false;\n if (value.StartsWith(\"x\", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))\n {\n style |= NumberStyles.AllowHexSpecifier;\n value = value.Substring(1);\n }\n else\n {\n if (value.StartsWith(\"0x\", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))\n {\n style |= NumberStyles.AllowHexSpecifier;\n value = value.Substring(2);\n }\n }\n\n if ((style & NumberStyles.AllowHexSpecifier) == NumberStyles.AllowHexSpecifier)\n return TryParseHex(value, out result);\n return TryParseNum(value, out result);\n }\n\n private static bool TryParseHex(string value, out Int256 result)\n {\n if (value.Length > 64)\n throw new OverflowException();\n result = Zero;\n var pos = 0;\n for (var i = value.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)\n {\n var ch = value[i];\n ulong bch;\n if (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9')\n bch = (ulong) (ch - '0');\n else if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'F')\n bch = (ulong) (ch - 'A' + 10);\n else if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'f')\n bch = (ulong) (ch - 'a' + 10);\n else\n return false;\n if (pos < 64)\n result.Bytes0To8 |= bch << pos;\n else if (pos < 128)\n result.Bytes8To16 |= bch << pos;\n else if (pos < 192)\n result.Bytes16To24 |= bch << pos;\n else if (pos < 256)\n result.Bytes24To32 |= bch << pos;\n pos += 4;\n }\n\n return true;\n }\n\n private static bool TryParseNum(string value, out Int256 result)\n {\n result = Zero;\n foreach (var ch in value)\n {\n byte b;\n if (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9')\n b = (byte) (ch - '0');\n else\n return false;\n result = Ten * result;\n result += b;\n }\n\n return true;\n }\n\n public object ToType(Type conversionType, IFormatProvider provider)\n {\n object value;\n if (TryConvert(conversionType, provider, out value))\n return value;\n throw new InvalidCastException();\n }\n\n ushort IConvertible.ToUInt16(IFormatProvider provider)\n {\n if (Bytes8To16 != 0)\n throw new OverflowException();\n return Convert.ToUInt16(Bytes0To8);\n }\n\n uint IConvertible.ToUInt32(IFormatProvider provider)\n {\n if (Bytes8To16 != 0)\n throw new OverflowException();\n return Convert.ToUInt32(Bytes0To8);\n }\n\n ulong IConvertible.ToUInt64(IFormatProvider provider)\n {\n if (Bytes8To16 != 0)\n throw new OverflowException();\n return Bytes0To8;\n }\n\n int IComparable.CompareTo(object obj)\n {\n return Compare(this, obj);\n }\n\n public static int Compare(Int256 left, object right)\n {\n if (right is Int256)\n return Compare(left, (Int256) right);\n if (right is bool)\n return Compare(left, new Int256((bool) right));\n if (right is byte)\n return Compare(left, new Int256((byte) right));\n if (right is char)\n return Compare(left, new Int256((char) right));\n if (right is decimal)\n return Compare(left, new Int256((decimal) right));\n if (right is double)\n return Compare(left, new Int256((double) right));\n if (right is short)\n return Compare(left, new Int256((short) right));\n if (right is int)\n return Compare(left, new Int256((int) right));\n if (right is long)\n return Compare(left, new Int256((long) right));\n if (right is sbyte)\n return Compare(left, new Int256((sbyte) right));\n if (right is float)\n return Compare(left, new Int256((float) right));\n if (right is ushort)\n return Compare(left, new Int256((ushort) right));\n if (right is uint)\n return Compare(left, new Int256((uint) right));\n if (right is ulong)\n return Compare(left, new Int256((ulong) right));\n var bytes = right as byte[];\n if (bytes != null && bytes.Length != 32)\n return Compare(left, new Int256(bytes));\n if (right is Guid)\n return Compare(left, new Int256((Guid) right));\n throw new ArgumentException();\n }\n\n public static int Compare(Int256 left, Int256 right)\n {\n var leftSign = left.Sign;\n var rightSign = right.Sign;\n if (leftSign == 0 && rightSign == 0)\n return 0;\n if (leftSign >= 0 && rightSign < 0)\n return 1;\n if (leftSign < 0 && rightSign >= 0)\n return -1;\n if (left.Bytes24To32 != right.Bytes24To32)\n return left.Bytes24To32.CompareTo(right.Bytes24To32);\n if (left.Bytes16To24 != right.Bytes16To24)\n return left.Bytes16To24.CompareTo(right.Bytes16To24);\n if (left.Bytes8To16 != right.Bytes8To16)\n return left.Bytes8To16.CompareTo(right.Bytes8To16);\n return left.Bytes0To8.CompareTo(right.Bytes0To8);\n }\n\n public int CompareTo(Int256 value)\n {\n return Compare(this, value);\n }\n\n public static implicit operator Int256(bool value)\n {\n return new Int256(value);\n }\n\n public static implicit operator Int256(byte value)\n {\n return new Int256(value);\n }\n\n public static implicit operator Int256(char value)\n {\n return new Int256(value);\n }\n\n public static explicit operator Int256(decimal value)\n {\n return new Int256(value);\n }\n\n public static explicit operator Int256(double value)\n {\n return new Int256(value);\n }\n\n public static implicit operator Int256(short value)\n {\n return new Int256(value);\n }\n\n public static implicit operator Int256(int value)\n {\n return new Int256(value);\n }\n\n public static implicit operator Int256(long value)\n {\n return new Int256(value);\n }\n\n public static implicit operator Int256(sbyte value)\n {\n return new Int256(value);\n }\n\n public static explicit operator Int256(float value)\n {\n return new Int256(value);\n }\n\n public static implicit operator Int256(ushort value)\n {\n return new Int256(value);\n }\n\n public static implicit operator Int256(uint value)\n {\n return new Int256(value);\n }\n\n public static implicit operator Int256(ulong value)\n {\n return new Int256(value);\n }\n\n public static explicit operator bool(Int256 value)\n {\n return value.Sign != 0;\n }\n\n public static explicit operator byte(Int256 value)\n {\n if (value.Sign == 0)\n return 0;\n if (value.Sign < 0 || value.Bytes0To8 > 0xFF)\n throw new OverflowException();\n return (byte) value.Bytes0To8;\n }\n\n public static explicit operator char(Int256 value)\n {\n if (value.Sign == 0)\n return (char) 0;\n if (value.Sign < 0 || value.Bytes0To8 > 0xFFFF)\n throw new OverflowException();\n return (char) (ushort) value.Bytes0To8;\n }\n\n public static explicit operator decimal(Int256 value)\n {\n return value.Sign == 0\n ? 0\n : new decimal((int) (value.Bytes0To8 & 0xFFFFFFFF), (int) (value.Bytes8To16 & 0xFFFFFFFF),\n (int) (value.Bytes16To24 & 0xFFFFFFFF), value.Sign < 0, 0);\n }\n\n public static explicit operator double(Int256 value)\n {\n if (value.Sign == 0)\n return 0;\n var nfi = CultureInfo.InvariantCulture.NumberFormat;\n if (!double.TryParse(value.ToString(nfi), NumberStyles.Number, nfi, out var d))\n throw new OverflowException();\n return d;\n }\n\n public static explicit operator float(Int256 value)\n {\n if (value.Sign == 0)\n return 0;\n var nfi = CultureInfo.InvariantCulture.NumberFormat;\n if (!float.TryParse(value.ToString(nfi), NumberStyles.Number, nfi, out var f))\n throw new OverflowException();\n return f;\n }\n\n public static explicit operator short(Int256 value)\n {\n if (value.Sign == 0)\n return 0;\n if (value.Bytes0To8 > 0x8000)\n throw new OverflowException();\n if (value.Bytes0To8 == 0x8000 && value.Sign > 0)\n throw new OverflowException();\n return (short) ((int) value.Bytes0To8 * value.Sign);\n }\n\n public static explicit operator int(Int256 value)\n {\n if (value.Sign == 0)\n return 0;\n if (value.Bytes0To8 > 0x80000000)\n throw new OverflowException();\n if (value.Bytes0To8 == 0x80000000 && value.Sign > 0)\n throw new OverflowException();\n return (int) value.Bytes0To8 * value.Sign;\n }\n\n public static explicit operator long(Int256 value)\n {\n if (value.Sign == 0)\n return 0;\n if (value.Bytes0To8 > long.MaxValue)\n throw new OverflowException();\n return (long) value.Bytes0To8 * value.Sign;\n }\n\n public static explicit operator uint(Int256 value)\n {\n if (value.Sign == 0)\n return 0;\n if (value.Sign < 0 || value.Bytes0To8 > uint.MaxValue)\n throw new OverflowException();\n return (uint) value.Bytes0To8;\n }\n\n public static explicit operator ushort(Int256 value)\n {\n if (value.Sign == 0)\n return 0;\n if (value.Sign < 0 || value.Bytes0To8 > ushort.MaxValue)\n throw new OverflowException();\n return (ushort) value.Bytes0To8;\n }\n\n public static explicit operator ulong(Int256 value)\n {\n if (value.Sign < 0 || value.Bytes8To16 != 0)\n throw new OverflowException();\n return value.Bytes0To8;\n }\n\n public static bool operator >(Int256 left, Int256 right)\n {\n return Compare(left, right) > 0;\n }\n\n public static bool operator <(Int256 left, Int256 right)\n {\n return Compare(left, right) < 0;\n }\n\n public static bool operator >=(Int256 left, Int256 right)\n {\n return Compare(left, right) >= 0;\n }\n\n public static bool operator <=(Int256 left, Int256 right)\n {\n return Compare(left, right) <= 0;\n }\n\n public static bool operator !=(Int256 left, Int256 right)\n {\n return Compare(left, right) != 0;\n }\n\n public static bool operator ==(Int256 left, Int256 right)\n {\n return Compare(left, right) == 0;\n }\n\n public static Int256 operator +(Int256 value)\n {\n return value;\n }\n public static Int256 operator ~(Int256 value)\n {\n return -(value + One);\n }\n public static Int256 operator -(Int256 value)\n {\n return Negate(value);\n }\n\n public static Int256 operator ++(Int256 value)\n {\n return value + 1;\n }\n\n public static Int256 operator --(Int256 value)\n {\n return value - 1;\n }\n\n public static Int256 Negate(Int256 value)\n {\n return new Int256(~value.Bytes24To32, ~value.Bytes16To24, ~value.Bytes8To16, ~value.Bytes0To8) + 1;\n }\n\n public Int256 ToAbs()\n {\n return Abs(this);\n }\n\n public static Int256 Abs(Int256 value)\n {\n if (value.Sign < 0)\n return -value;\n return value;\n }\n\n public static Int256 operator +(Int256 left, Int256 right)\n {\n left.Bytes24To32 += right.Bytes24To32;\n left.Bytes16To24 += right.Bytes16To24;\n if (left.Bytes16To24 < right.Bytes16To24)\n left.Bytes24To32++;\n left.Bytes8To16 += right.Bytes8To16;\n if (left.Bytes8To16 < right.Bytes8To16)\n {\n left.Bytes16To24++;\n if (left.Bytes16To24 < left.Bytes16To24 - 1)\n left.Bytes24To32++;\n }\n\n left.Bytes0To8 += right.Bytes0To8;\n if (left.Bytes0To8 < right.Bytes0To8)\n {\n left.Bytes8To16++;\n if (left.Bytes8To16 < left.Bytes8To16 - 1)\n {\n left.Bytes16To24++;\n if (left.Bytes16To24 < left.Bytes16To24 - 1)\n left.Bytes24To32++;\n }\n }\n\n return left;\n }\n\n public static Int256 operator -(Int256 left, Int256 right)\n {\n return left + -right;\n }\n\n public static Int256 Add(Int256 left, Int256 right)\n {\n return left + right;\n }\n\n public static Int256 Subtract(Int256 left, Int256 right)\n {\n return left - right;\n }\n\n public static Int256 Divide(Int256 dividend, Int256 divisor)\n {\n return DivRem(dividend, divisor, out var integer);\n }\n\n public static Int256 DivRem(Int256 dividend, Int256 divisor, out Int256 remainder)\n {\n if (divisor == 0)\n throw new DivideByZeroException();\n DivRem(dividend.ToUIn32Array(), divisor.ToUIn32Array(), out var quotient, out var rem);\n remainder = new Int256(1, rem);\n return new Int256(dividend.Sign * divisor.Sign, quotient);\n }\n\n private static void DivRem(uint[] dividend, uint[] divisor, out uint[] quotient, out uint[] remainder)\n {\n const ulong hiBit = 0x100000000;\n var divisorLen = GetLength(divisor);\n var dividendLen = GetLength(dividend);\n if (divisorLen <= 1)\n {\n ulong rem = 0;\n var div = divisor[0];\n quotient = new uint[dividendLen];\n remainder = new uint[1];\n for (var i = dividendLen - 1; i >= 0; i--)\n {\n rem *= hiBit;\n rem += dividend[i];\n var q = rem \/ div;\n rem -= q * div;\n quotient[i] = (uint) q;\n }\n\n remainder[0] = (uint) rem;\n return;\n }\n\n if (dividendLen >= divisorLen)\n {\n var shift = GetNormalizeShift(divisor[divisorLen - 1]);\n var normDividend = new uint[dividendLen + 1];\n var normDivisor = new uint[divisorLen];\n Normalize(dividend, dividendLen, normDividend, shift);\n Normalize(divisor, divisorLen, normDivisor, shift);\n quotient = new uint[dividendLen - divisorLen + 1];\n for (var j = dividendLen - divisorLen; j >= 0; j--)\n {\n var dx = hiBit * normDividend[j + divisorLen] + normDividend[j + divisorLen - 1];\n var qj = dx \/ normDivisor[divisorLen - 1];\n dx -= qj * normDivisor[divisorLen - 1];\n do\n {\n if (qj < hiBit && qj * normDivisor[divisorLen - 2] <= dx * hiBit + normDividend[j + divisorLen - 2])\n break;\n qj -= 1L;\n dx += normDivisor[divisorLen - 1];\n } while (dx < hiBit);\n\n long di = 0;\n long dj;\n var index = 0;\n while (index < divisorLen)\n {\n var dqj = normDivisor[index] * qj;\n dj = normDividend[index + j] - (uint) dqj - di;\n normDividend[index + j] = (uint) dj;\n dqj = dqj >> 32;\n dj = dj >> 32;\n di = (long) dqj - dj;\n index++;\n }\n\n dj = normDividend[j + divisorLen] - di;\n normDividend[j + divisorLen] = (uint) dj;\n quotient[j] = (uint) qj;\n if (dj < 0)\n {\n quotient[j]--;\n ulong sum = 0;\n for (index = 0; index < divisorLen; index++)\n {\n sum = normDivisor[index] + normDividend[j + index] + sum;\n normDividend[j + index] = (uint) sum;\n sum = sum >> 32;\n }\n\n sum += normDividend[j + divisorLen];\n normDividend[j + divisorLen] = (uint) sum;\n }\n }\n\n remainder = Unnormalize(normDividend, shift);\n return;\n }\n\n quotient = new uint[0];\n remainder = dividend;\n }\n\n private static int GetLength(uint[] uints)\n {\n var index = uints.Length - 1;\n while (index >= 0 && uints[index] == 0)\n index--;\n return index + 1;\n }\n\n private static int GetNormalizeShift(uint ui)\n {\n var shift = 0;\n if ((ui & 0xffff0000) == 0)\n {\n ui = ui << 16;\n shift += 16;\n }\n\n if ((ui & 0xff000000) == 0)\n {\n ui = ui << 8;\n shift += 8;\n }\n\n if ((ui & 0xf0000000) == 0)\n {\n ui = ui << 4;\n shift += 4;\n }\n\n if ((ui & 0xc0000000) == 0)\n {\n ui = ui << 2;\n shift += 2;\n }\n\n if ((ui & 0x80000000) == 0)\n shift++;\n return shift;\n }\n\n private static uint[] Unnormalize(uint[] normalized, int shift)\n {\n var len = GetLength(normalized);\n var unnormalized = new uint[len];\n if (shift > 0)\n {\n var rshift = 32 - shift;\n uint r = 0;\n for (var i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--)\n {\n unnormalized[i] = (normalized[i] >> shift) | r;\n r = normalized[i] << rshift;\n }\n }\n else\n {\n for (var j = 0; j < len; j++)\n unnormalized[j] = normalized[j];\n }\n\n return unnormalized;\n }\n\n private static void Normalize(uint[] unormalized, int len, uint[] normalized, int shift)\n {\n int i;\n uint n = 0;\n if (shift > 0)\n {\n var rShift = 32 - shift;\n for (i = 0; i < len; i++)\n {\n normalized[i] = (unormalized[i] << shift) | n;\n n = unormalized[i] >> rShift;\n }\n }\n else\n {\n i = 0;\n while (i < len)\n {\n normalized[i] = unormalized[i];\n i++;\n }\n }\n\n while (i < normalized.Length)\n normalized[i++] = 0;\n if (n != 0)\n normalized[len] = n;\n }\n\n public static Int256 Remainder(Int256 dividend, Int256 divisor)\n {\n DivRem(dividend, divisor, out var remainder);\n return remainder;\n }\n\n public static Int256 Max(Int256 left, Int256 right)\n {\n return left.CompareTo(right) < 0 ? right : left;\n }\n\n public static Int256 Min(Int256 left, Int256 right)\n {\n return left.CompareTo(right) <= 0 ? left : right;\n }\n\n public static int GetBitWidth(Int256 n)\n {\n Int256 bitWidth = 1;\n var v = n;\n while ((v >>= 1) > 0)\n bitWidth++;\n if (bitWidth < 8)\n bitWidth = 8;\n while (bitWidth % 8 != 0)\n bitWidth++;\n return (int) bitWidth;\n }\n\n public static Int256 operator %(Int256 dividend, Int256 divisor)\n {\n return Remainder(dividend, divisor);\n }\n\n public static Int256 operator \/(Int256 dividend, Int256 divisor)\n {\n return Divide(dividend, divisor);\n }\n\n public ulong[] ToUIn64Array()\n {\n return new[] {Bytes0To8, Bytes8To16, Bytes16To24, Bytes24To32};\n }\n\n public uint[] ToUIn32Array()\n {\n var uia = new uint[8];\n var ula = ToUIn64Array();\n Buffer.BlockCopy(ula, 0, uia, 0, 32);\n return uia;\n }\n\n public byte[] ToByteArray()\n {\n var ba = new byte[32];\n var ula = ToUIn64Array();\n Buffer.BlockCopy(ula, 0, ba, 0, 32);\n return ba;\n }\n\n public static Int256 Multiply(Int256 left, Int256 right)\n {\n var xInts = left.ToUIn32Array();\n var yInts = right.ToUIn32Array();\n var mulInts = new uint[16];\n for (var i = 0; i < xInts.Length; i++)\n {\n var index = i;\n ulong remainder = 0;\n foreach (var yi in yInts)\n {\n remainder = remainder + (ulong) xInts[i] * yi + mulInts[index];\n mulInts[index++] = (uint) remainder;\n remainder = remainder >> 32;\n }\n\n while (remainder != 0)\n {\n remainder += mulInts[index];\n mulInts[index++] = (uint) remainder;\n remainder = remainder >> 32;\n }\n }\n\n return new Int256(left.Sign * right.Sign, mulInts);\n }\n\n public static Int256 operator *(Int256 left, Int256 right)\n {\n return Multiply(left, right);\n }\n\n public static Int256 operator >>(Int256 value, int shift)\n {\n if (shift == 0)\n return value;\n if (shift == int.MinValue)\n return value << int.MaxValue << 1;\n if (shift < 0)\n return value << -shift;\n var digitShift = shift \/ 32;\n var smallShift = shift - digitShift * 32;\n var xd = value.ToUIn32Array();\n var xl = xd.Length;\n if (value.Sign < 0)\n {\n if (shift >= 32 * xl)\n return new Int256(-1);\n var zd = new uint[xl];\n Array.Copy(xd, zd, xl);\n xd = zd;\n TwosComplement(xd);\n }\n\n var length = xl - digitShift;\n if (length < 0)\n length = 0;\n var d = new uint[length];\n if (smallShift == 0)\n {\n for (var index = xl - 1; index >= digitShift; --index)\n d[index - digitShift] = xd[index];\n }\n else\n {\n var carryShift = 32 - smallShift;\n uint carry = 0;\n for (var index = xl - 1; index >= digitShift; --index)\n {\n var rot = xd[index];\n d[index - digitShift] = !(value.Sign < 0) || index != xl - 1\n ? (rot >> smallShift) | carry\n : (rot >> smallShift) | (uint) (-1 << carryShift);\n carry = rot << carryShift;\n }\n }\n\n if (value.Sign < 0)\n TwosComplement(d);\n return new Int256(value.Sign, d);\n }\n\n private static void TwosComplement(uint[] d)\n {\n uint v = 0;\n var i = 0;\n for (; i < d.Length; i++)\n {\n v = ~d[i] + 1;\n d[i] = v;\n if (v != 0)\n {\n i++;\n break;\n }\n }\n\n if (v != 0)\n {\n for (; i < d.Length; i++)\n d[i] = ~d[i];\n }\n else\n {\n var len = d.Length + 1;\n var r = new uint[len];\n var n = Math.Min(d.Length, len);\n for (var j = 0; j < n; j++)\n r[j] = d[j];\n d = r;\n d[d.Length - 1] = 1;\n }\n }\n\n public static Int256 operator <<(Int256 value, int shift)\n {\n if (shift == 0)\n return value;\n if (shift == int.MinValue)\n return value >> int.MaxValue >> 1;\n if (shift < 0)\n return value >> -shift;\n var digitShift = shift \/ 32;\n var smallShift = shift - digitShift * 32;\n var xd = value.ToUIn32Array();\n var xl = xd.Length;\n var zd = new uint[xl + digitShift + 1];\n if (smallShift == 0)\n {\n for (var index = 0; index < xl; ++index)\n zd[index + digitShift] = xd[index];\n }\n else\n {\n var carryShift = 32 - smallShift;\n uint carry = 0;\n int index;\n for (index = 0; index < xl; ++index)\n {\n var rot = xd[index];\n zd[index + digitShift] = (rot << smallShift) | carry;\n carry = rot >> carryShift;\n }\n\n zd[index + digitShift] = carry;\n }\n\n return new Int256(value.Sign, zd);\n }\n\n public static Int256 operator |(Int256 left, Int256 right)\n {\n if (left == 0)\n return right;\n if (right == 0)\n return left;\n var x = left.ToUIn32Array();\n var y = right.ToUIn32Array();\n var z = new uint[Math.Max(x.Length, y.Length)];\n var xExtend = left.Sign < 0 ? uint.MaxValue : 0;\n var yExtend = right.Sign < 0 ? uint.MaxValue : 0;\n for (var i = 0; i < z.Length; i++)\n {\n var xu = i < x.Length ? x[i] : xExtend;\n var yu = i < y.Length ? y[i] : yExtend;\n z[i] = xu | yu;\n }\n\n return new Int256(left.Sign * right.Sign, z);\n }\n\n public static Int256 operator ^(Int256 left, Int256 right)\n {\n var x = left.ToUIn32Array();\n var y = right.ToUIn32Array();\n var z = new uint[Math.Max(x.Length, y.Length)];\n var xExtend = left.Sign < 0 ? uint.MaxValue : 0;\n var yExtend = right.Sign < 0 ? uint.MaxValue : 0;\n for (var i = 0; i < z.Length; i++)\n {\n var xu = i < x.Length ? x[i] : xExtend;\n var yu = i < y.Length ? y[i] : yExtend;\n z[i] = xu ^ yu;\n }\n\n return new Int256(left.Sign * right.Sign, z);\n }\n\n public static Int256 operator &(Int256 left, Int256 right)\n {\n if (left == 0 || right == 0)\n return Zero;\n var x = left.ToUIn32Array();\n var y = right.ToUIn32Array();\n var z = new uint[Math.Max(x.Length, y.Length)];\n var xExtend = left.Sign < 0 ? uint.MaxValue : 0;\n var yExtend = right.Sign < 0 ? uint.MaxValue : 0;\n for (var i = 0; i < z.Length; i++)\n {\n var xu = i < x.Length ? x[i] : xExtend;\n var yu = i < y.Length ? y[i] : yExtend;\n z[i] = xu & yu;\n }\n\n return new Int256(left.Sign * right.Sign, z);\n }\n\n public class Int256Converter : TypeConverter\n {\n public override bool CanConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext context, Type sourceType)\n {\n return sourceType == typeof(string) || base.CanConvertFrom(context, sourceType);\n }\n\n public override object ConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext context, CultureInfo culture, object value)\n {\n if (value != null)\n if (TryParse($\"{value}\", out var i))\n return i;\n return new Int256();\n }\n\n public override bool CanConvertTo(ITypeDescriptorContext context, Type destinationType)\n {\n return destinationType == typeof(string) || base.CanConvertTo(context, destinationType);\n }\n\n public override object ConvertTo(ITypeDescriptorContext context, CultureInfo culture, object value,\n Type destinationType)\n {\n return destinationType == typeof(string)\n ? $\"{value}\"\n : base.ConvertTo(context, culture, value, destinationType);\n }\n }\n}<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Int256 Bit Class Jun-11,2021: Obsolete Use xIntX Instead.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[2],"tags":[89,5,88],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/michaeljohnsteiner.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/175"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/michaeljohnsteiner.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/michaeljohnsteiner.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michaeljohnsteiner.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michaeljohnsteiner.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=175"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/michaeljohnsteiner.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/175\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":444,"href":"https:\/\/michaeljohnsteiner.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/175\/revisions\/444"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/michaeljohnsteiner.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=175"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michaeljohnsteiner.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=175"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michaeljohnsteiner.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=175"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}